If you have had a sharp pain shooting down one leg, you may be experiencing a condition called sciatica.
Here is what you need to know about sciatica, including what it is, its causes, symptoms and treatments. Plus, learn about medications, self-care and stretches that may provide relief.
What is sciatica?
Sciatica refers to pain that travels along the path of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve travels from the lower back through the hips and buttocks and down each leg. The pain may be severe but usually clears up in a few weeks.
Sciatica nerve pain causes and risk factors
Causes of sciatic nerve pain include anything that affects the sciatic nerve, according to Penn Medicine:
The Cleveland Clinic notes that risk factors include:
Sciatica symptoms
Penn Medicine further reports sciatica pain can vary from mild tingling to a dull ache or a burning sensation. Typically, the pain affects one side of the body. It may worsen:
Sciatica treatment
Sciatic nerve pain will typically improve on its own, although the following treatments may provide relief:
If your condition persists, your health care provider may recommend surgery.
Sciatica stretches
Stretches may help alleviate the pain caused by sciatica. It is always important to check with your doctor before beginning any exercise regimen. These stretches are from Brian Jones, a physical therapist at HSS Rehabilitation and Performance in New York. If you find that any of these stretches increase your pain, stop immediately. Ideally, the stretches can be done daily, with a minimum of twice a week.
Glute bridge
Clamshell
Bird-dog
Living with sciatica
"Most cases of sciatica resolve in less than 4 to 6 weeks with no long-term complications even if no medical therapy is sought," Dr. David Davis of Orange Park Medical Center in Jacksonville, Fla., writes in StatPearls. "In more severe cases or cases where the neurologic deficit is present, the patient may have a more prolonged course of recovery. However, recovery is still excellent."
Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising if possible, and completing your stretching exercises may help improve your pain and prevent future recurrences. Seek medical help if your condition does not improve, or if it worsens. If you have bowel or bladder issues, or are unable to move your leg, it is time to seek immediate care.